Author Guidelines

• Submit the manuscript in DOCX format whenever possible. A PDF reference copy may also be included when useful for checking layout, equations, tables or special characters.
• The manuscript should clearly state the paper title, author name(s), institutional affiliation(s), corresponding author email and mobile/contact information.
• Manuscripts may be prepared in English, Gujarati or another language that can be reliably displayed using Unicode text.
• Before submission, authors should proofread the manuscript for spelling, grammar, names, affiliations, tables, figures and references.

• A research manuscript will normally include: Title, Author(s), Affiliation, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Objectives or Research Questions, Methodology, Results/Findings, Discussion, Conclusion and References.
• Review articles, case studies, short communications and discipline-specific manuscripts may use a structure appropriate to the nature of the work.
• Use clear section headings and logical subheadings. Numbering may be used where it improves readability and consistency.
• The abstract should briefly explain the purpose, approach, principal findings and significance of the study. Keywords should represent the main concepts of the paper.

• Number tables and figures in the order in which they are mentioned in the manuscript, and provide a clear title or caption for each item.
• Tables should remain readable and, where possible, should be editable rather than supplied only as screenshots.
• Figures, charts and images should be sufficiently clear for online publication and print use where applicable.
• Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce any copyrighted table, figure, photograph or other third-party material.

• Use one recognized citation and reference style that is appropriate to the discipline, and apply it consistently throughout the manuscript.
• Every source cited in the text should appear in the reference list, and entries in the reference list should correspond to material actually cited in the manuscript.
• Provide complete bibliographic details as far as available, including author, year, title, source/publication details and DOI or other persistent identifier where applicable.
• Authors are responsible for the accuracy of citations and references.

• Submissions should represent original scholarly work and should not contain plagiarism, fabricated data, falsified findings or misleading attribution.
• A manuscript should not be under simultaneous consideration by another publication unless this has been disclosed and agreed by the editorial office.
• All listed authors should have made an appropriate scholarly contribution and should approve the submitted manuscript.
• Where research requires institutional approval, participant consent, permissions or other ethical authorization, authors are responsible for obtaining and retaining the relevant documentation.

• Submitted manuscripts may first be checked for relevance, completeness, presentation and compliance with publication requirements.
• Where scholarly review is required, the manuscript may be sent for editorial or peer-review assessment appropriate to the subject area.
• Authors may be asked to revise the manuscript, answer reviewer/editorial comments, correct references or provide additional information before a final decision.
• Acceptance for review does not by itself guarantee publication. Final publication decisions remain with the editorial process.

Manuscripts are submitted directly to the IRED Editorial Office by email. The Contact page provides separate prepared email options for GREEN and RED submissions.

Final Publication Formatting

Authors do not need to recreate the final GREEN journal header, footer, page numbering or publication layout themselves. After editorial acceptance, IRED may standardize the manuscript into the journal publication format. Authors should therefore prioritize a clean, complete and logically structured source manuscript.